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Testimonial
I, Sri Madan Pradhan (50), am a resident of village Gujapanga in Kandhamal, where I live with my family of six members including my school going fourchildren. Being a daily wage labourer, some days I go without work, making it even more difficult to run my family. Falling under the Below Poverty Line (BPL) category, I had never availed any public benefits owing to lack of information about the schemes and entitlements.
One day, I accompanied some villagers to the legal aid training organized by Justice, Peace Development and Communication, in my village, though only with half the interest. The advocates shared about various Government schemes for BPL families, such as the Indira AwasYojana (centrally sponsored housing scheme), Madhubabu pension scheme, Widow Pension scheme, Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme and Mo Kudia scheme etc. Upon learning about the Mo Kudia housing scheme of the Government of Odisha for BPL families, in the joint name of spouse, I sought legal guidance from the lawyer after the training programme concluded. After listening to my case and finding me eligible for the scheme, I was assured pro-bono assistance by the lawyer. I was assisted in submitting my application to the Block Development Officer (BDO) of Raikia. I was promised support from the administration and eventually, Rs. 75,000 (Seventy Five thousand) was sanctioned to me under the scheme.
Had it not been for the legal aid training I doubt if I’d ever been able to claim the entitlement. Moreover, the training and real time handholding instilled hope and confidence in me. At present, my family is happy to live in their new house.
I, ChandrakalaDigal, aged 55, wife of Late Gimango am a resident of village Padrikia, in Kandhamal, Odisha, where a majority of the inhabitants are Tribals (Adivasis). After my husband’s demise, I took charge of running my family single headedly by taking up daily wage labour. With school going three daughters and two sons, the wages I earned were far from sufficient to take care of our rudimentary needs. When the riots broke out in the district following the alleged assassination of a Hindu leader, the right wing fringe groups started attacking and vandalizing the houses belonging to the people of Christian faith. Since I belong to the Christian community (Tribal Christian), I feared for our lives and rushed towards the relief camps set up in Raikia much later, where I stayed with my family for six months. During this time, I learned that all our houses were burned down by the rioters. After returning home, I found out that my name was missed out in the official assessment on damages and losses for compensation. This shook me to the core as I was unable to resume work and had nothing to ball back on to sustain my family with a square meal also.
On 15th November 2012, I happened to attend a legal-aid training camp after returning home, that was organised in Raikaby some voluntary organisations. Empowered by the information gathered at the training programme by the lawyers, I filed a grievance petition to the administrative block office of Raikia, challenging exclusion from the assessment and demanding compensation for the damage of my house. On 17th November, I consulted with the legal aid lawyer and was assured pro-bono support to follow up with my grievance petition. Filing of grievance itself wasn’t an easy task for me and took me three attempts to get through due to the absence of the concerned block officials. At last, investigation was assured by the Block Development Officer and repeated follow ups were conducted by the lawyer. Finally, my house damage was enlisted, which secured me a compensation of Rs. 10.000 (Ten Thousand rupees) under the partial damage category. This financial support enabled me to reconstruct my house, while I also sought legal assistance for applying for widow pension. Thanks to all these voluntary efforts of the lawyers that we are able to return and live in our own house.
Community Managed Disaster Risk Reduction a program supported by Caritas India in North East India and implemented by Women’s Development Centre (WDC), Guwahati, in 15 villages under Morigaon district has a lots of story to tell. Of these clubbing strength of the farmers is one among the stories. With the help of WDC the villages have constituted what they call a farmers’ club in an effort to move a step to keep the program moving on with the support from NABARD and government schemes even after the project is closed.
Farmers’ club is a registered body under NABARD where about 10 farmers of a village come together and undertake trainings, activities and planning to augment their farming methods and status after consensus. They can access government schemes and benefits with the aid of this farmers’ club. In the CMDRR project, WDC had initiated formation of such farmers’ clubs to so they can bridge the gap between the Government and the farmers and the latter can access opportunities, more so in the event of a disaster like floods. They conduct trainings, awareness etc. in their villages by informing WDC that acts as a node between the village and the concerned experts/trainers.
The members of the farmers’ club discuss with other people in the village regarding their needs and problems. A total of 13 farmers’ clubs have been registered under NABARD in Morigaon in 15 project villages. These farmers’ club acts as a bridge between the village people and the government and also functions as a Task Force Group in the event of floods.
Jawaharilal Hazarika, president of Nabakharbori Krishak Sangha farmers’ club happily narrated the benefits that the farmers’ club could bring in to the villages after its formation. “We receive heavy floods every year and suffer huge loss of agricultural produce. With the help of the club we have brought free seeds for the village, and procured pump sets on a heavy discount. This is a great help for us as now we have the power to reach the government and access opportunities”, he commented.
Apart from trainings, the farmers’ club performs another significant function- preparing the Plan of Action (POA). Morigaon has 632 villages and 85 panchayats. In this context, a farmer’s club becomes a decentralized structure of taking the concerns of the villages to the Gram Panchayat. While a Gram Panchayat conducts 4 (effectively 1 or 2) meetings every year, a farmers’ club meets regularly once or twice a month and as and when required and discusses their issues together with the rest of the village. Women are an integral part of the process. As put by Kanchanmoni Gohain, District Development Officer, NABARD, “Co-ordination is more important than assistance in the farmers’ club that can result in linkage with many agencies”.
Ms. Runu Murmu, a woman farmer from the Jorhat district of Assam took to organic agriculture after receiving training from the facilitating partner organisation. She inspired other women in the village to practice organic agriculture, and formed a group of women farmers. This group is practicing collective as well as individual cultivation.
Ms. Runu Murmu, (35) has emerged as one of the women farmer leaders in Panjan village of Titabor Block under Jorhat district of Assam. Her husband, a private school teacher is the sole bread earner of the family. With four children, two sons and two daughters, Runu’s early married life was confined to household chores with small kitchen gardening. In the initial stage of her kitchen gardening in a small piece of land of about a bigha, she used chemical fertilizer and pesticide expansively to yield high and rapid produce for the family’s consumption.
However, after attending farmers’ club meetings and a number of training programmes organized by Seva Kendra Dibrugarh (SKD) her interest in organic farming, integrated pest management and traditional knowledge increased. This knowledge enabled her to start farming on wider scale to earn additional income with which she could enrol her children in formal schooling. Runu discontinued using chemicals and pesticides in her garden since 2014, and instead switched to using compost and manure. She planted seasonal vegetables like jika, cucumber, ladies finger, ginger, rice gourd, bitter gourd, beans, pumpkin etc., while also practicing multiple and seasonal cropping. Through information provided in the trainings, Runu has networked with the local shopkeepers to sells off her surplus produce at a wholesale price and earns about INR. 10,000 per month. Promising agricultural production has motivated her to add another plot of land to her existing cultivable land. Today, she stands an inspiration to many women and men farmers in her village.
“Organic products saistho karone bhaal aru income barhe, aamak aji aidor e keti kora ussith-saistho aru poribhekh karone,”(meaning that the organic products are good for health, environment and income, and should be the way in which agriculture should be practiced) says Runu.
Sangita lives in Gogaipur village in Khalwa, Madhya Pradesh with her husband and in-laws. Since the couple did not own any land in the village. It compelled her family to migrate frequently to different cities in search of livelihood. During one of the surveys conducted by Caritas India Sabal programme to initiate the livelihood programme as response to COVID-19 pandemic to support the migrant returnees and to provide job opportunities to the affected families; Sangita was identified as one of the beneficiaries qualifying for the initiative. The livelihood initiative was to identify the poor families which are the most deserving and are constrained to migrate due to lack of resources available in the village for surviving but have basic talents and skills that can help them to uplift their financial well-being but are unable to create it as an opportunity due to lack of or no financial resource to invest.
Sabal under its COVID-19 pandemic response identified 210 such deserving families and supported them financially to initiate the livelihood opportunities. These livelihood opportunities included opening a petty shop, starting a tailoring, beauty parlour and juice centres, mobile repairing shop, automobile repairing centre etc. Sangita is one of such successful stories of Sabal which has paid off the family well to sustain the unanticipated second wave of COVID-19 which brought the whole country to a halt with another lockdown for 2 months and lack of opportunities for the families which extensively depended on the migration.
When the Sabal team visited the village the poshanmitra identified Sangita’s family deserving the support. Further discussion with her revealed that before marriage she had been doing tailoring at her home but had to stop it after coming back to her husband’s home. She had also studied till 10th and knew basic calculations and emphasized on savings which was supported by her husband Madan as well. She wanted to do something on her own and did not wanted to migrate as she find it very risky due to Covid. “Hume yaha rehne se kuch nhi milta isley bahar jana padta hai” (We don’t get anything here that is why we need to migrate). “Bimari ka bhi dar hai magar parivar bhi chalana hai” (We are afraid of getting infected, but we need to run the family). – said Sangita.
Considering her willingness to do something the team of Caritas India assured to support her in purchasing a sewing machine with a commitment that she will stay back in the village and continue her livelihood. On 18th January, Sangita got her new sewing machine and started her shop in her own name “Sangita Silai Center” (Sangita Tailoring Centre). Within couple of months, she earned ₹14,000 and with the savings brought by her husband she also bought another machine and installed electric motor to the machines. Her husband also stopped migrating and is supporting Sangita by also learning tailoring from her.
“Maine silai class bhi chalu kiya hai aur teen ladkiyan pass ki gav se seekhne bhi aati hai” (I have also started tailoring classes recently and three girls come to learn from nearby villages) – happily shared by Sangita. Sangita is charging ₹500 per student for the tailoring classes where she also provides raw materials to the girls for learning.
Even during the pandemic lockdown Sangita and her family did not migrate and survived as they got monthly income of ₹4000 from the tailoring orders.
“Magha na barse, bhare na khet. Mata na pasre, bhare na pet” (It is said that without good rain, land can not be irrigated properly. Similarly If a mother doesn’t serve then it cannot satisfy the hunger). Said Shyam Bai.
Keeping this in mind, Smallholder Adaptive Farming and Biodiversity Network (SAFBIN) program was launched in the year 2018 to ensure local food and nutritional security for small farm families. Giving a major focus on a gender-inclusive approach, SAFBIN encourages male farmers to create an opportunity for women to be part of the learning process. As a result, 446 women have enrolled as trial farmers to take the small-scale resilient farming practices forward in an expressive way while 826 are getting benefited indirectly. While discussing the integrated small-scale farming system in smallholder farmers collectives (SHFC) planning meeting, smallholders especially women members gave more emphasis on the local food and nutrition security.
“Action is the foundational key to success” finds resonance with Shyam Bai Yadav (45yrs), a resident of Bagrohi village of Shahgarh Block of Sagar district Madhya Pradesh India. The majority of the people residing in this village belongs to the small and marginal farming community. Their main source of livelihood is agriculture.
Shyam Bai lives in a small house with her family who barely met their food requirement 3-4yrs back. Having 2.5 acres of land with the predominant conventional farming system in rainfed conditions it was not so easy to have sufficient food for all year round. Like other rural women, Shyam bai was among to suffer not only from economic poverty but also deprived of many essential entitlements due to lack of proper information and knowledge. Along with her husband Halke Yadav (50yrs) she had to work extra time as agriculture labour to feed her children. Soon after she became a member of smallholder farmers collectives, she oriented with various agroecological practices and botanicals preparation from their farm waste and resources.
“She often comes with me to work in and quietly learning the process of botanical preparation, application, and a few other agro-ecological practices. This has helped me in a great way to keep these practices applied on time even if I am not at home,” shared Halke Yadav, Husband of Shyam Bai.
With this enthusiasm, she could increase not only the farm components from four (4) to six (6) but also increased in type of crops and varieties which make her farm more resilient to cope up with climate shocks. i.e. field crops (wheat, black gram, green gram, lentil, peas, jwar, flax seeds, mustard), cattle (cow and buffaloes), small ruminants (goat), fruit trees (mango, guava, lemon, papaya, drumstick) mushroom, and almost 10-12 types of vegetables. Apart from this, she also gained hands-on experience in making vermicompost, Matka khad, Cytozin practices, Dasparni ark, Lamit ark etc.
Following the low-cost agroecological practices and other measures, she could manage to have sufficient food for round the year her family. She is now a lead trainer among women who keeps orienting in SHFC meetings by sharing her journey and motivating women to make their farm more diversified.
“Yes, there is an improvement in the nutrition status of my family, though it is not possible for me to measure it. However, the diversification of the food basket and the regular intake of green & fresh (nutrition-rich) vegetables have improved our health. Delightedly she said.
Smallholder Adaptive Farming and Biodiversity Network (SAFBIN) program is co-funded by Caritas Switzerland and Caritas Austria and implemented by Caritas India through its implementing partner organisations Jabalpur Diocesan Social Service Societies (JDSSS) and Manav Vikas Seva Sangh (MVSS) Sagar in Mandla, Sagar and Vidisha districts of Madhya Pradesh in India.
A ‘Musahar’ girl from Bihar broke the age-old barriers of education deprivation. Literacy rate among musahar’s is only 3 percent and falls below 1 percent for the women who are subjected to exploitation, violence, and sexual harassment since ages.
Reena, a shy and simple musahar girl from Bedwaliya village was no different when aspired to get educated to lead a better future.
Even after all the hardships she managed to get promoted to class 6 but her joy ended when due to sudden sickness and lack of public health services had to dropout from the school.
The next entire year was even more difficult for Reena and her family as she neither could attend the school nor able to assist the family in earning their livelihood. Once a little better, her family did not send her to school in order to make up for the income lost during her illness.
Reena is now coming to an age where most of the girls of her age get married but due to lack of finances she had to continue working to bear the expenses of her marriage. By the time Hamari Pathshala reached her tola, almost three years had passed since she had been to school and she had forgotten what she had learnt.
Today, Reena is married and taking bridge course to cover the gap in her studies for appearing in Bihar Board Open Schooling and Examination. The counselling and educational support provided by Caritas India Hamari Pathshala project made this possible for Reena and many other musahar girls. The project gives special focus on the development of teaching modules and training of facilitators to improve the system of education in the targeted community.
Reena and many others are receiving educational benefits and able to teach other children of her community. She wishes to continue her studies even after her marriage till her “Gauna” (a practice when the bride is finally taken to the in-laws’).
Supported by Millennium Alliance, the project with 18 months of its intervention has infused positive communication and reinforcement to build self-confidence and independence in musahar community towards education.
The project has reached out to 392 musahar girls from which 129 girls were mainstreamed into local schools. The intervention has helped 165 girls to avail RTE benefits such as school uniform allowance, books and scholarship.
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